Today rice is the most vital food crop in the world and a staple food for more than a half of the world population. Rice is being cultivated in 112 countries around the world with a yield of more than 500 million metric tons. The rice belt is geographically stretched over a wide range from hot Australian and Egyptian deserts to the cool Himalayan foot hills and is quite rich Pakistan. Pakistan is the fastest growing rice-producing nation in Asia. Unlike in other South and Southeast Asian countries, rice is not considered a subsistence crop in Pakistan. It is a major cash crop grown for export. Pakistan has strong rice research programs at the national and provincial levels. At the national level, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council coordinates with provincial research institutes namely Kala Shah Kaku Institute.